Otto von Bismarck, um 1862 In Berlin verfestigte sich inzwischen die … It was a year of significant change in his life, when he also embraced the Christian tradition of Lutheranism, and began his political career in the Prussian legislature, where he gained a reputation as an ultra-conservative royalist. Odrastao je u plemićkoj familiji i razvio konzervativne političke stavove, ali i politički talent. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. The motivations of Bismarck were often not clear to his adversaries, and it's commonly believed that he provoked the war with France specifically to create a scenario in which the South German states would want to unify with Prussia. McNamara, Robert. Otto von Bismarck was the driving force behind the unification of the German Empire, who successfully transformed an array of states into a powerful and unified Germany. Bismarck was bitterly opposed to the power of the Catholic Church, and his kulturkampf campaign against the church was controversial but ultimately not entirely successful. Yet historians have noted that Bismarck would have been horrified by Nazis. Bismarck started out as an unlikely candidate for political greatness. "Biography of Otto Von Bismarck, Iron Chancellor Who Unified Germany." He was also promoted to the rank of lieutenant-general, and given another country estate, Friedrichsruh, near Hamburg, which was larger than Varzin, making him a very wealthy landowner. In 1862 Prussian king Wilhelm wanted to create larger armies to effectively enforce Prussia’s foreign policy. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so. Born April 1, 1815, he was a rebellious child who managed to attend university and become a lawyer by the age of 21. Otto von Bismarck, prime minister of Prussia (1862-73, 1873-90) and founder and first chancellor (1871-90) of the German Empire whose time in office took Prussia from the weakest of the five European powers to, as the unified German Empire, … Throughout the 1850s and early 1860s, he advanced through several diplomatic positions, serving in St. Petersburg, Vienna, and Paris. As Minister-President of Prussia from 1862–1890, he oversaw the unification of Germany. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen (fra 1865 greve, fra 1871 Fürst von Bismarck, fra 1890 hertug til Lauenburg, født 1. april 1815 i Schönhausen, død 30. juli 1898 i Friedrichsruh ved Hamborg) var fra 1862 til 1890 – med en kort afbrydelse i 1873 – preussisk ministerpræsident og tillige fra 1867 til 1871 forbundskansler i Det nordtyske Forbund. Unable to persuade the southern German states to join with his North German Confederation, he provoked hostilities with France as a way of uniting the German states together.  © He then escalated a quarrel with Austria and its German allies over the administration of these provinces into a war, in which Prussia was the victor. 56 quotes from Otto von Bismarck: 'Only a fool learns from his own mistakes. (2020, August 27). – książę von Bismarck-Schönhausen, książę von Lauenburg; niemiecki polityk, mąż stanu, premier Prus, kanclerz Rzeszy zwany Żelaznym Kanclerzem. 30 lipca 1898 we Friedrichsruh (Aumühle) (ang.)) It has been noted that Kaiser Wilhelm II, through inexperience or arrogance, essentially undid much of what Bismarck accomplished, and thereby set the stage for World War I. Bismarck's imprint on history has been stained in some eyes as the Nazis, decades after his death, attempted at times to portray themselves as his heirs. In 1871, Otto von Bismarck was raised to the rank of Fürst (Prince). 1898.) Prussia’s victory in the war allowed it to annex more territory and greatly increased Bismarck’s own power. But as a young man, he was hardly a success and was known for being a heavy drinker with no real direction in life. The parliament was resistant to allocate the necessary funds, and the nation’s war minister convinced the king to entrust the government to Bismarck. Robert J. McNamara is a history expert and former magazine journalist. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck, fyrste av Bismarck-Schönhausen, hertug av Lauenburg, (født 1. april 1815 i Schönhausen, død 30. juli 1898 i Friedrichsruh) var en tysk politiker. 1815. The war went disastrously for France. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was born into an aristocratic family at Schönhausen, northwest of Berlin, on 1 April 1815. English: Otto von Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (April 1, 1815 – July 30, 1898) was a prominent European aristocrats and statesmen of the nineteenth century. Procedente de una familia noble prusiana, Bismarck vivió una juventud indisciplinada, autodidacta y llena de dudas religiosas y políticas. În 1867 d… Bismarck made no secret of his bitterness. He also married, and became involved in politics, becoming a substitute member of the Prussian parliament.​. Wilhelm, in turn, sent a written report about the meeting to Bismarck, who published an edited version of it as the “Ems Telegram.” It led the French to believe that Prussia was ready to go to war, and France used it as a pretext to declare war on July 19, 1870. Entre las intrigas y maquinaciones del mundo político, encontró su vocación . — 30. He retired to his estate near Hamburg and died there on 30 July 1898. One of his targets was the Catholic Church, which he believed had too much influence, particularly in southern Germany. BBC © 2014 The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. He then served as ambassador to Russia and France. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was born into an aristocratic family at Schönhausen, northwest of Berlin, on 1 April 1815. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg, Prince of Bismarck, (1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), was a Prussian German statesman and aristocrat of the 19th century. "Biography of Otto Von Bismarck, Iron Chancellor Who Unified Germany." He became the first Chancellor of Germany, after the unification. Read more. Within six weeks, Napoleon III was taken prisoner when his army was forced to surrender at Sedan. Because of both the imperial and the Prussian offices that he held, Bismarck h… It was also unstable, its ancient monarchy and traditional Junker landowning class threatened by the rising forces of pan-German nationalism and liberal democratic revolution. He also worked to prevent the spread of socialism, partly by introducing health insurance and pensions. Jeho nekompromisní přístup k řešení politických problémů a autoritativní vystupování vůči sněmu mu vyneslo přezdívku Železný kancléř. In 1864 Bismarck, utilizing some brilliant diplomatic maneuvers, engineered a scenario in which Prussia provoked a war with Denmark and enlisted the help of Austria, which derived little benefit itself. And he actually dominated European affairs for decades through his brilliant and ruthless implementation of realpolitik , a system of politics based on … Alsace-Lorraine became an imperial territory of Germany. This page has been archived and is no longer updated. McNamara, Robert. 4. – Friedrichsruh, 1898. július 30.) Otto von Bismarck in uniform He lived in retirement, writing and commenting on international affairs, and died in 1898. When Otto von Bismarck became its Prime Minister in 1862, Prussia was a second-rate power overshadowed by Russia, Austria, France, and Britain. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen (ur. In 1862, he returned to Prussia and was appointed prime minister by the new king, Wilhelm I. Bismarck was now determined to unite the German states into a single empire, with Prussia at its core. Thus, he had 11 years of experience in foreign affairs before he became prime minister and foreign minster of Prussia in September 1862. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/otto-von-bismarck-the-iron-chancellor-1773857. Prussia then annexed further territory in Germany. je njemački političar koji se smatra najvećim i najuticajnijim državnikom u njemačkoj i evropskoj historiji. Przyczynił się do zjednoczenia Niemiec. Biography of Otto Von Bismarck, Iron Chancellor Who Unified Germany. But the 29-year-old emperor was not happy with the 73-year-old Bismarck. He became known for issuing sharp judgments on the foreign leaders he encountered. Otto von Bismarck (April 1, 1818–July 30, 1898), a son of the Prussian aristocracy, unified Germany in the 1870s. Otto von Bismarck / ˈ ɔ t o f ɔ n ˈ b ɪ s m a ʁ k / [note 2] Écouter, duc de Lauenburg et prince de Bismarck, né le 1 er avril 1815 à Schönhausen et mort le 30 juillet 1898 à Friedrichsruh, est un homme d'État prussien puis allemand. Byl první ministr Pruska a první v řadě německých kancléřů. Bismarck in 1836 Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck werd op 1 april 1815 geboren in een familie van aristocratische afkomst. Otto von Bismarck. McNamara, Robert. Pero cuando, a los 32 años de edad, entró al parlamento, todo cambió para siempre. He attended a prestigious school in Berlin followed by the University of Göttingen. Bismarck … Wilhelm I of Prussia became emperor. Abroad, Bismarck aimed to make the German empire the most powerful in Europe. In 1851, King Frederick Wilhelm IV appointed Bismarck as Prussian representative to the German Confederation. With Austrian support, he used the expanded Prussian army to capture the provinces of Schleswig and Holstein from Denmark. Ca prim-ministru (în germană: Ministerpräsident) al Prusiei între 1862 și 1890, el a supervizat unificarea Germanieide la 1871. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck -Schönhausen ( Schönhausen, 1 april 1815 – Friedrichsruh, 30 juli 1898 ), vanaf 1865 graaf, vanaf 1871 vorst von Bismarck, vanaf 1890 hertog zu Lauenburg, was een Duits 19e-eeuws staatsman en een dominant figuur in de wereldgeschiedenis. Preußischer Ministerpräsident. As Prime Minister of Prussia from 1862 to 1890, he engineered the unification of Germany.Thereafter, he served as the first Chancellor of the German Empire from 1871 to 1890. From 1871 to 1890 Bismarck essentially ruled a unified Germany, modernizing its government as it transformed into an industrialized society. Bismarck’s genius lay in being able to maintain tension between rival nations, to the benefit of Germany. This soon led to the Austro-Prussian War, which Prussia won while offering Austria fairly lenient surrender terms. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck ( Schönhausen, 1815. április 1. Otto von Bismarck. Político prusiano, artífice de la unidad alemana (Schoenhausen, Magdeburgo, 1815 - Friedrichsruh, 1898). By using ThoughtCo, you accept our. While he unified Germany and helped it become a modern power, he did not create political institutions that could live on without his personal guidance. The German victory in the Franco-Prussian War won over the southern German states, and in 1871 they agreed to join a German empire. Hij was de vierde zoon van de landeigenaar Ferdinand von Bismarck (1771-1845) en diens vrouw Wilhelmine Mencken (1789-1839). This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. Otto Eduard Leopold Fürst von Bismarck-Schönhausen, Herzog zu Lauenburg; 1 апреля 1815, Шёнхаузен — 30 июля 1898, Фридрихсру ) — первый канцлер Германской империи, осуществивший план объединения Германии по малогерманскому пути. Causes of World War I and the Rise of Germany, The Other Reichs: The First and Second Before Hitler's Third, Franco-Prussian War: Field Marshal Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, Biography of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, Origins and Symbolism of the German National Flag, War of the First Coalition in 1790s France, Industry and Agriculture History in Europe. For nearly a decade, he helped his father manage the family estates. 1 kwietnia 1815 w Schönhausen (Elbe), zm. Find out more about how the BBC is covering the. Bismarck was also given the royal title of prince and awarded an estate. Italy later joined the alliance. The judgment of history on Bismarck is mixed. ', 'Politics is the art of the possible, the attainable — the art of the next best', and 'Fools learn from experience. Otto von Bismarck lo logró. Otto von Bismarck. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen, vévoda z Lauenburgu byl jeden z nejvýznamnějších politiků 19. století a budovatel sjednoceného Německa. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Germany remained powerful, and potential enemies were played off against each other. Around age 30, Bismarck fashioned an intense friendship with Marie von Thadden [de], newly married to considered one of his buddies, Moritz von Blanckenburg [de].A month after her loss of life, Bismarck wrote to ask for the hand in marriage of Marie’s cousin, the noblewoman Johanna von Puttkamer (1824–94); [14] they have been married at Alt-Kolziglow (trendy Kołczygłowy) on 28 July 1847. 7. https://www.thoughtco.com/otto-von-bismarck-the-iron-chancellor-1773857 (accessed April 11, 2021). Otto von Bismarck sinh ra ở Schönhausen, phía Tây thành phố Berlin, tỉnh Sachsen thuộc Vương quốc Phổ, là con thứ tư trong một gia đình giàu có.